Baking cones.



M. L. HITOHCOGK.

BAKING BONES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1012.

1,062,157. v Patented May 20, 1913 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M. L. HITGHGOOK.

BAKING (JONES.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 18, 1912.

1 362 1 57, Patented May 20, 1913.

4 snnmS-snnnw z.

. M.- L. HITCHGOGK.

BAKING GONES.

APPLICATION PI LED MAY 18, 1912.

Patented May 20, 1913.

4 SHBETfi-SHEET 3.

M. L. HII'OHOOOK.

BAKING cons. Y APPLIQATION IILED MAY 18, 1912.

1,0 2; 157, Patented May 20, 1913.

Q 4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.'

r m AW NTO I E 3 union L. nrrcncoox, ornos ANGELES, ourronnm.

Los Angeles, in thecounty of Los Angeles,

BAKING corms.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 18,1912. Serial No. 098,174.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MINOR L. I-li'roH'oooK,

a citizen of'the United States, residing at State of California, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Baking Cones, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a mechanism and method for continuouslyforming and baking pastry cones such as are used in purveying' plate orapron and the cone forms are then immediately prepared and charged.'with fresh material and ass, with the movement of the ring, again 1ntothe baking tube. I employ several novel mechanisms for accomplishingthese operations, prime among which mechanisms is the construct-ion ofthe cone forms and the mechanism in combination therewith to drop themat proper intervals. The cone forms are preferably made with a centralvertical part (the cones being arrangedwith vertical axes and with theirbases uppermost). These are the exterior forms which are carried by thering. The interior forms, or cores, are operated in such manner that,when the forms are open, they become ejectors for the pastry cones. andare then lifted out of the exterior forms while the forms arebeingprepared (by greasing or otherwise) and are being filled with a newcharge of dough. The interior forms are then again placed in theexterior forms,

which have/meanwhile been closed, the interior forms being pressed'downinto the exterior forms to squeeze the dough out into proper hollowconical shape; and the interior forms ,arethen held down within theexterior forms during the complete baking travel of the ring. And here'I may mention a very important feature of my inven-- tion; both theexterior and interior forms terior, and interior surfaces of the pastrycone, thus insuring'uniform and rapid baking without the necessity ofahigh oven temperature. Means are employed to keep the interior forms hotwhile they are. removed from the exterior forms, and the exterior .formsare preferably of .such large mass that, once heated, they,retain aneven temperature.

Patented May 20, 1913.

' serve to conduct heat directly to both the-ex- The preferred form 'ofthe mechanical details for carrying into efi'ectthese operations will beset forth in the following specification, and a typical machine is shownin the accompanying drawing,-in which Figure 1 isa sectional plan of mycom-- plete machine. Fig. 2' is an enlarged section taken as indicatedby line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional plan of a por tion of my apparatus. Fig.4 is a sectional elevation of the portion shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5 is anenlarged section taken on line 55 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is an enlargedsection taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 4'. Fig. 7 is a detail sectiontaken asindicated by line 7-7 of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a detail section showingthecharging apparatus, taken on line 8-8 of Figs. 3 and 4.

In the drawings 10 designates a suitable circular oven structure of anysize, depending upon the capacity desired and upon the speed atwhich thecontinuous ring and itsdelivering and charging devices may he operated.At present I am contemplatingan oven of an external diameterapproximately eight feet, such an oven being sufliciently large for amechanism which will turn out about 160 cones per minute (9,600 perhour) and allow one minute baking time for each cone. This oven may befired and heated in any preferred manner.

Around the inner periphery of the oven 1 provide a suitable tube 11 of adiameter sufiicient to hold the continuously traveling baking ring 12.Tube 11 is continuous where it is within the oven structure, so that Ihave a baking compartment entirely separate and distinct from the firingcompartment of the: oven; but the tube 11 is not in the form' of acontinuous ring, it has ends 11 where it communicates with an opening orrecess 13 n the exterior of the oven structure.

The baking ring 12 travels in the direction indicated by the arrow outof one end of the tube 11, across the recess 13 and into he tube atits-other end; and the delivery and charging operations take place whilethe baking ring is traveling across this open space. v

I will first describe the construction of the baking ring; then willdescribe the apparatus in combination therewith which eti'ects thedischarge and charging of the forms. The ring 12 has an annular'baseplate 14 which carries, gear tooth 15 engaged by the tooth of a pinion16 operated from any motor 17 This motor serves to drive the ring at asuitable speed through the oven. Directly mounted on the annular baseplate 14 is an inner annular form member 15. This member 15 may be madeup of segments; but when mounted on the base plate 14 it becomes ineffect a continuous annular form member. Outer form members 16 arehinged at 17 to the member 15, members 16 being of such individuallength as to preferably contain the outer half-portions of four adjacentexterior cone forms. The exterior cone forms 18 are made on verticalaxes coincident with the bearing surface 19 between the members 15 and16, so that one half of each exterior form is in the member 15 and theother half in one of members 16.

A suitable catch 20 is employed to normally hold members 16 in placeagainst the member 15 so that a tight joint is made. The whole bakingring may be revolubly supported in any suitable manner but preferablytravels on suitable rollers 21 and is guided laterally by rollers 22bearing upontracks 23 which extend around the interior of the tube 11.

The interior cone forms 25 are made of a shape similar to the exteriorforms 18 and normally fit within the exterior forms as is best shown inFig. 2, leaving a space between the two forms which is filled by thepastry cone. At the upper end of interior form 25 there is a cap 26which covers the upper end of the exterior form and which forces theupper edgeof the pastry cone into a smooth even line. Suitable standards27 are mounted on caps 26 and carry rollers 28 which normally rollunder'an overhead plate 29 to keep the interior cone forms 25 downtightly in position as shown in Fig. 2. A continuous chain 31 isprovided tocarry the 1 interior cone forms when they depart from theexterior forms, (see Fig. 4). The chain carries studs 30 which looselyengage in hollow bearings 27 a of rollers 28; this eonstructionproviding for the suspension of the inner cones but allowing themfreedom of movement. Chain 31 travels around with the ring 12, beingheld in position by reason of the interior cone forms 25 being heldtightly in place'in' the exterior forms in the ring, except at a spacebetween two wheels 35 where the chain passes upwardly and over to upperwheels 36. During this upward passage the chain passes through openings37 in plate 38 which forms the upper wall of the recess 13, the chainbetween wheels 36 traveling through the interior of the oven and beingthereby subjected to the. high interior temperature. This isparticularly for the purpose of keeping the cones 25 hot while they areremoved from the exterior forms, thus obviating the necessity of theirbeing reheated when they again enter the tube '11 with the exterior formand with the new charge of dough. A suflicient number of extra cones 25is supplied to provide for the increased. travel of the cones to pass.up through the oven.

Where the ring 12 emerges from the tube brushes 41 (shown in detail inFig. 6).

These greasing brushes stand in the position illustrated and arecontinuously revolved through suitable belt connections 12 with themotor 17. Grease is fed to them from any suitable source in quantitiessufficient for thoroughly coating the surfaces of the exterior forms 18while they remain open. Immediately after passing the grease brushes theexterior forms are closed and then pass under the charging device 45(illustrated in detail in 8),. This charging device is operated by asinuous cam groove 50 mounted on the upper side of form member 15; andits operatic-n is to drop into each exterior form 18 just suflicientdough to form a complete pastry cone when the interior cone forms 25have been again placed in their normal positions. The interior coneforms enter the exterior forms directly after the exterior forms havepassed the charging apparatus, the chain 31 passing down near thecharging apparatus as shown in Fig. 4. The cones 25 are so arranged andtimed that they will drop into their proper forms 18; and the onwardpassage of the baking ring'immediately brings the wheels 28 of theinterior cones against the inclined end 29 of the overhead plate 29 andthe cones are thereby forced tightly into position as shown in Fig. 2.The baking operation then immediately commences, the tube 11 being keptat a uniform temperat-ure. The large heat capacity of the exterior formmembers 15 and 16 serves to keep their temperature very close to theactual baking temperature, and heat is thus applied directly andimmediately to the exterior and 4 tau-ta through-the baking'tuhe. i'lhe'bakperiod is "the time-occupied in passing V ne'r cone forms'25 rest inposition as shown in Fig. 2. The outer forms are closely [lockedtogether by ineans of the catches 20.

These catches are preferably composed of spring metal and havecatch-portions 20 which enter notches 20 in form portions 16 and holdthe portions 16 tightly against the inner-portion 15. When the formsreach a position approximately above the discharging belt 40 theprojections 20 of the catches 20 are engaged by surfaces 100 ontheforward end of opening cams 101, the

catches being forced down to the position shown in .Fig. 5 and therebyreleasing the catch point '20 from the notches 20". The opening cams 101are in such-position as to engage their point portions 102 under roll--ers 22 and, as the arms move around, the

rollers are-moved up from the cams and the form portions 16 are thrownto the positions illustrated in :Fig. 5. The caps 26 of innor cones 25rest upon -theupper surfaces of portions 15and 16 and the cones arethereby .thrown to the positions shown in Fig. 5.

This operation of the forms immediately frees the pastry cones andallows them to drop out onto the delivery belt 40. The "free suspensionof the interior cones on the studs 30 allowsthe cones 25 to be moved tothe positions illustrated in Fig. 5. The opening cams 101 are ofsuflicient extent to keep at least twosuccessive sectionsof the formsopen atall times; one of the sections being open over the delivery belt40 and the other open over the greasing devices 41 3 (illustrated indetail in Fig. 6). These greasing devices are comprised in cylindricalbrushes 105 mounted on hollow shafts 106, the brushes and shaftsprojecting up into the open forms. The brushes are continuously revolvedas'hereinbefore noted and any suitable greasing material is fed throughconnections 107 to the hollow shafts and thence out through openings 108in the upper ends of the shafts, the grease trickling down over thebrush 105 and thence-being distributed over the inner surfaces of theforms.

During the time while the pastry cones are being ejected over the beltthe interior cones 25 remain within the exterior forms. Before theexterior forms reach the greasing devices the interior cones 25 areremoved therefrom in the manner shown in Fig. 1. Immediately afterpassing the greasing. devices the extcrionforms are al-' lowed to closeand the forms within pass under the charging mechanism 45. This chargingmechanism consists in a device operated by sinuous cam groove. 50 tocharge each of the forms with a certain amount of dough. Cam -groove50.is arranged as is best shown in Figs. 3 and '8 .and is engaged byanumber of followers 110 mounted on the lower ends of arms 111 pivoted at112.

*These arms are attached at 113 to a piston 114;-and the cam portion isto reciprocate the piston in its cylinder 115. Cylinder 115 hasdischarge openings 116 at its ends and a form is immediately below. Theamount,

of dough will depend upon the size' of the charging apparatus; and thisamount may be made just sufiicien't to be squeezed out into a pastrycone when the exterior cones 25 are again inserted after the exteriorforms havebeen supplied with their dough.

charge. r t v It will-be seen that my process is a'continuous one, andthat the machine is in con tinuous operation producing pastry coneswithout cessation. In this manner .I am enabled to produce a largequantity of uniformly baked cones inv a short time with a small, simpleand inexpensive apparatus. The basis of this apparatus is mycontinuously rotating ring carrying-the cone forms and the mechanism fordelivering the completed cones and for charging the forms with rawmaterial. f This is the combination which I wish to cover broadly in thefollowing claims; the specific details of construction may be varied tosuit individual requirements without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

1. In combination, a bake oven structure,

a circularly arranged tube extending conv tinuously through saidstructure and having ends commuhicating with space exterlor thereto, acontinuouscircular ring eX-. tend ng around through said tube! andacross a space between the ends thereof,

means to continuously move said ring around through the tube,exteriorforms carried by said ring each comprising two separable parts, interiorforms adapted normally to fit within the exterior forms, a continuousflexible carrier for said interior forms, guiding means for saidflexible carrier to move the interior forms away from the exterior formsduring the portion of,

the travel between the two ends of the tube,

means to normally press the interior forms tightly into place in theexterior forms, charging mechanism operated by the movement of theexteriorforms to supply each form with a suitable charge. of rawmaterial during that portion of its travel when the interior forms areremoved therefrom, and means to move and .part the separated parts ofthe exterior forms to discharge the finished article therefromduringtheir travel between the ends of the tube.

2. In combination with a heating means, a revoluble form carrying ringsupported on suitable bearings, exterior forms carried by said ringeachv comprising a relatively stationary half and a relatively movablehalf hinged to the stationary half at its upper edge, an inner formnormally resting within the exterior form and having a cap resting uponthe upper surfaces of the exterior form. halves, means to normally holdthe exterior form halves together, and means to move the relativelymovable half away from the other.

3. In combination with a heating means, a revoluble form carrying membersupported on suitable bearings, exterior forms carried by said membereach comprising a relatively stationary half and a relatively radiallymovable half, means to normally hold the movable half against thestationary half, and means to separate the halves during a portion ofthe members revolution.

4. In combination with a heating means, a movable mold constructionembodying a ring supported on suitable bearings in a horizontal plane torotate about its own axis, said ring having in its peripheral face aplurality of recesses,'a plurality of members hinged to the upperperipheral edge of said ring and normally pressing against theperipheral face thereof, said members having in their faces recessesadapted to register with the first mentioned recesses to form a completemold and being capable of swinging outwardly on their hinges to open themold below.

5. In combination with aheating means, a movable mold constructionembodying a ring supported on suitable bearings in a horizontal plane torotate about its own axis, said ring having in its peripheral face i aplurality of recesses, a plurality of members hinged to the upperperipheral edge of said ring and normally pressing against theperipheral face thereof, said'members having in their faces recessesadapted to register with the first mentioned recesses to form a completemold, means to normally hold said members in position against the saldring, and means to swing. saidmembers outwardly at their lower endsduring a portion of the rotary travel of said ring.

6. vIn combination with a heating means,

a movable mold construction embodying a ring supported on suitablebearin s in a horizontal plane to rotate about its own axis, said ringhaving in its peripheral face aplurality of recesses, a plurality ofmembershinged to the upper peripheral edge of said-ring and normallypressingagainst the peripheral face thereof, said members having intheir faces recesses adapted to register with the firstmentionedrecesses to form a complete mold, inner forms normally fitting withinthe said molds, each inner form having a cap resting upon the upper faceof Elie ring and its corresponding hinged mem- 7. In combination with aheating means, a movable mold construction embodying a ring supported onsuitable bearings in a horizontal plane to rotate about its own axis,said ring having in its peripheral face,

a plurality of recesses, a pluralit of members hinged to the upper periperal edge of said ring and normally'pressing agalnstthe peripheral facethereof, said members having in their faces recesses adapted to registerwith the first mentioned recesses to form a complete mold, inner formsnormally fitting within the said molds, each inner form having a capresting upon the upper face of the ring and its corresponding hingedmember, means to withdraw said inner forms from the molds during thelatter portion of that period of travel during which the hinged moldmembers are swung away from said ring, and during the first portion ofthe succeeding period of travel during whichthe hinged mold members arenormally pressed against the ring, and means to charge the said moldsduring that period of travel immediately prior to replacement of theinner forms in the molds.

In witnessthat I claim the foregoing have hereunto subscribed my namethis 2nd day of May 1912..

MINOR L. HITCHCOCK.

Witnesses JAMES T. BARKELEW, ELWOOD H. BARKELEW.

